Ideal carrying capacity of stagnant water bodies for cooling and heating load

Based on the analysis of the main problems existed in stagnant water-source heat pump systems, puts forward the concept of the ideal carrying capacity of stagnant water bodies for cooling and heating load. Analyses the relations among the carrying capacity and origin thermal characteristics of stagnant water bodies and the allowable upper and lower temperature limits. Discusses the influences of constraints such as social, normal operation of a system or device, energy efficiency, ecological environment etc., when determining the allowable upper and lower temperature limits.